Generalized Additive Modeling of Building Inertia Thermal Energy Storage for Integration Into Smart Grid Control

The structural mass of a building provides inherent thermal storage capability. Through sector coupling, the can provide additional flexibility to electric power system, using, for instance, combined heat and plants or power-to-heat. In this work, mathematical model inertia energy (BITES) integration into optimized smart grid control is introduced. It shown how necessary parameters be obtained using generalized additive modeling (GAM) based on measurable data. For purpose, it demonstrated that ceiling surface temperature serve as proxy current state energy. This allows real-world implementation only sensors additionally required hardware. Compared with linear modeling, GAM enable improved nonlinear characteristics interactions external factors influencing operation. Two case studies demonstrate potential part virtual plant (VPP) control. first study, BITES compared conventionally used hot water tanks, revealing economic benefits both VPP operator. second study investigates savings in CO 2 emission connection capacity. shows similar when battery storage, without need hardware investment. Given ubiquity buildings recent advances systems, offers great an source low-carbon systems future.